Ear pain, or earache, refers to discomfort or pain in or around the ear. The pain may feel sharp, dull, throbbing, or burning. Ear pain can result from various causes, including infections of the outer or middle ear, earwax blockage, water trapped in the ear, or even problems related to the teeth or jaw.
Main Causes of Ear Pain
• Otitis Externa (Outer Ear Infection):
Also known as “swimmer’s ear,” this condition is often caused by excessive ear cleaning, water entering the ear, or moisture buildup, leading to bacterial or fungal infection.
• Otitis Media (Middle Ear Infection):
Commonly occurs after a cold or upper respiratory infection. Swelling and fluid or pus buildup behind the eardrum may cause ear pain and a blocked-ear sensation.
• Earwax Impaction:
Hardened earwax pressing against the eardrum can cause discomfort or pain.
• Problems in Nearby Structures:
Conditions affecting the molars, gum inflammation, or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders may also radiate pain to the ear area.
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical attention promptly if you experience any of the following symptoms together with ear pain:
• Fluid, pus, or blood draining from the ear
• High fever
• Hearing loss, ear blockage, or dizziness
You may also seek further medical evaluation or look for nearby hospitals and clinics for a detailed examination.
Basic Self-Care Measures
• Avoid inserting objects or cotton swabs into the ear, as this may worsen irritation or inflammation.
• Prevent water from entering the ear while bathing or swimming.
• If pain is present, paracetamol (acetaminophen) may be taken for symptom relief.
• Do not apply oils or ear drops into the ear without medical advice.
